Polars DataType class (`polars_dtype`)

Description

Polars supports a variety of data types that fall broadly under the following categories:

Numeric data types: signed integers, unsigned integers, floating point numbers, and decimals.
Nested data types: lists, structs, and arrays.
Temporal: dates, datetimes, times, and time deltas.
Miscellaneous: strings, binary data, Booleans, categoricals, and enums.

All types support missing values represented by the special value null. This is not to be conflated with the special value NaN in floating number data types; see the section about floating point numbers for more information.

Usage

pl__Decimal(precision = NULL, scale = 0L)

pl__Datetime(time_unit = c("us", "ns", "ms"), time_zone = NULL)

pl__Duration(time_unit = c("us", "ns", "ms"))

pl__Categorical(ordering = c("physical", "lexical"))

pl__Enum(categories)

pl__Array(inner, shape)

pl__List(inner)

pl__Struct(...)

Arguments

precision Single integer or NULL (default), maximum number of digits in each number. If NULL, the precision is inferred.

scale Single integer or NULL. Number of digits to the right of the decimal point in each number. The default is 0.

time_unit One of “us” (default, microseconds), “ns” (nanoseconds) or “ms”(milliseconds). Representing the unit of time.

time_zone A string or NULL (default). Representing the timezone.

ordering One of “physical” (default) or “lexical”. Ordering by order of appearance (“physical”) or string value (“lexical”).

categories A character vector. Should not contain NA values and all values should be unique.

inner A polars data type object.

shape A integer-ish vector, representing the shape of the Array.

… \<dynamic-dots\> Name-value pairs of polars data type. Each pair represents a field of the Struct.

Details

Full data types table

Type(s)	Details
`Boolean`	Boolean type that is bit packed efficiently.
`Int8`, `Int16`, `Int32`, `Int64`	Varying-precision signed integer types.
`UInt8`, `UInt16`, `UInt32`, `UInt64`	Varying-precision unsigned integer types.
`Float32`, `Float64`	Varying-precision signed floating point numbers.
`Decimal`	Decimal 128-bit type with optional precision and non-negative scale.
`String`	Variable length UTF-8 encoded string data, typically Human-readable.
`Binary`	Stores arbitrary, varying length raw binary data.
`Date`	Represents a calendar date.
`Time`	Represents a time of day.
`Datetime`	Represents a calendar date and time of day.
`Duration`	Represents a time duration.
`Array`	Arrays with a known, fixed shape per series; akin to numpy arrays.
`List`	Homogeneous 1D container with variable length.
`Categorical`	Efficient encoding of string data where the categories are inferred at runtime.
`Enum`	Efficient ordered encoding of a set of predetermined string categories.
`Struct`	Composite product type that can store multiple fields.
`Null`	Represents null values.

Examples

library("polars")

pl$Int8

#> Int8

pl$Int16

#> Int16

pl$Int32

#> Int32

pl$Int64

#> Int64

pl$UInt8

#> UInt8

pl$UInt16

#> UInt16

pl$UInt32

#> UInt32

pl$UInt64

#> UInt64

pl$Float32

#> Float32

pl$Float64

#> Float64

pl$Decimal(scale = 2)

#> Decimal(precision=NULL, scale=2)

pl$String

#> String

pl$Binary

#> Binary

pl$Date

#> Date

pl$Time

#> Time

pl$Datetime()

#> Datetime(time_unit='us', time_zone=NULL)

pl$Duration()

#> Duration(time_unit='us')

pl$Array(pl$Int32, c(2, 3))

#> Array(Int32, shape=c(2, 3))

pl$List(pl$Int32)

#> List(Int32)

pl$Categorical()

#> Categorical(ordering='physical')

pl$Enum(c("a", "b", "c"))

#> Enum(categories=c('a', 'b', 'c'))

pl$Struct(a = pl$Int32, b = pl$String)

#> Struct(`a`=Int32, `b`=String)

pl$Null

#> Null

pl$Unknown

#> Unknown(Any)

Polars DataType class (polars_dtype)